Broken Access Control Explained (OWASP A01)

Broken Access Control occurs when applications fail to properly enforce restrictions on what users can access or modify. It is the most critical vulnerability in the OWASP Top 10.

By NextGen Securities • 15 min read

What is Access Control?

Access control ensures that users can only access resources they are authorized to use. Applications typically define roles such as admin, user, and guest.

What is Broken Access Control?

Broken Access Control happens when these restrictions are not properly enforced, allowing attackers to access unauthorized data or perform restricted actions.

Types of Access Control Issues

Real World Example (IDOR)

A website allows users to view their profile using:

https://example.com/account?id=1001

If the system does not verify ownership, changing the ID:

https://example.com/account?id=1002

This allows attackers to access another user's data.

Privilege Escalation

Attackers may gain higher privileges by manipulating requests or bypassing checks.

Normal User → Gains Admin Access → Full System Control

Why It is Dangerous

How to Prevent Broken Access Control

Conclusion

Broken Access Control is one of the most critical vulnerabilities because it directly exposes sensitive data and system functionality. Proper authorization checks must be implemented across all application layers.

Continue Learning

OWASP Top 10

Overview of vulnerabilities

Injection Attacks

SQL & command injection

Security Misconfiguration

Configuration flaws